Moral distress-associated sociodemographic and occupational aspects in nursing managers at federal university hospitals.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the association between sociodemographic and occupational characteristics and the predictors of Moral Distress in nursing managers of Federal University Hospitals. METHOD: Cross-sectional study carried out with 126 nurses. Data were collected online between September 2019 and May 2020 applying the Brazilian Scale of Moral Distress in Nurses. The variables were analyzed using descriptive and bivariate statistics to compare the instrument mean responses in relation to sociodemographic and occupational characteristics (hospital size, region, age, gender, training and experience variables, employment relationships, and workload). RESULTS: The highest levels of Moral Distress were experienced by nurses in large hospitals, with statistical significance among civil servants with job stability who have no management training, with less time of professional experience and with the highest weekly workload, with emphasis on predictive factors of "safe and qualified care", "work conditions" and "work team". CONCLUSION: Based on the above, it is understood that studies of this nature allow the generation of adaptive strategies to reduce the impacts of Moral Distress.

Moral distress-associated sociodemographic and occupational aspects in nursing managers at federal university hospitals / Aspectos sociodemográficos y laborales asociados al distrés moral en gestores de enfermería de hospitales universitarios federales / Aspectos sociodemográficos e laborais associados ao distresse moral em gestores de enfermagem de hospitais universitários federais

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the association between sociodemographic and occupational characteristics and the predictors of Moral Distress in nursing managers of Federal University Hospitals. Method: Cross-sectional study carried out with 126 nurses. Data were collected online between September 2019 and May 2020 applying the Brazilian Scale of Moral Distress in Nurses. The variables were analyzed using descriptive and bivariate statistics to compare the instrument mean responses in relation to sociodemographic and occupational characteristics (hospital size, region, age, gender, training and experience variables, employment relationships, and workload). Results: The highest levels of Moral Distress were experienced by nurses in large hospitals, with statistical significance among civil servants with job stability who have no management training, with less time of professional experience and with the highest weekly workload, with emphasis on predictive factors of "safe and qualified care", "work conditions" and "work team". Conclusion: Based on the above, it is understood that studies of this nature allow the generation of adaptive strategies to reduce the impacts of Moral Distress.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar la asociación entre las características sociodemográficas y laborales y los factores predictores de Distrés Moral en gestores de enfermería de Hospitales Universitarios Federales. Método: Estudio transversal realizado con 126 enfermeros. Los datos fueron recolectados entre los meses de septiembre de 2019 y mayo de 2020, a través de la red, se aplicó la Escala Brasileña de Distrés Moral en Enfermeros. Las variables fueron analizadas por estadística descriptiva y bivariada para comparar las medias de respuestas del instrumento en relación a las características sociodemográficas y laborales (porte del hospital, región, edad, sexo, variables de formación y experiencias, vínculos y carga horaria). Resultados: Los niveles más elevados de Distrés Moral fueron vivenciados por enfermeros en hospitales de gran porte, con significancia estadística entre los funcionarios públicos con estabilidad, sin formación en gestión, con menos tiempo de experiencia profesional y con la carga horaria más extensa de trabajo semanal, con énfasis en los factores predictores de "cuidado seguro y cualificado", "condiciones de trabajo" y "equipo de trabajo". Conclusión: Así siendo, se entiende que estudios con este abordaje permiten generar estrategias adaptativas para reducir los impactos del Distrés Moral.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar a associação entre as características sociodemográficas e laborais e os fatores preditores de Distresse Moral em gestores de enfermagem de Hospitais Universitários Federais. Método: Estudo transversal realizado com 126 enfermeiros. Os dados foram coletados entre os meses de setembro de 2019 e maio de 2020, via online, aplicando-se a Escala Brasileira de Distresse Moral em Enfermeiros. As variáveis foram analisadas por estatística descritiva e bivariada para comparar as médias de respostas do instrumento em relação às características sociodemográficas e laborais (porte do hospital, região, idade, sexo, variáveis de formação e experiências, vínculos e carga horária). Resultados: Os níveis mais elevados de Distresse Moral foram vivenciados por enfermeiros em hospitais de grande porte, com significância estatística entre os estatutários, sem formação em gestão, com menor tempo de experiência profissional e com a maior carga horária de trabalho semanal, com ênfase nos fatores preditores de "cuidado seguro e qualificado", "condições de trabalho" e "equipe de trabalho". Conclusão: A partir do exposto, entende-se que estudos dessa natureza permitem gerar estratégias adaptativas para reduzir os impactos do Distresse Moral.

Processo de trabalho: fundamentação para compreender os erros de enfermagem / Proceso laboral: fundamentación para comprender los errores de enfermería / Work process: a basis for understanding nursing errors

RESUMO Objetivo Identificar as causas relacionadas ao processo de trabalho que estão associadas aos erros de enfermagem noticiados pelos jornais. Método Estudo documental, qualitativo, baseado na teoria do processo de trabalho e análise hermenêutica. Foram analisadas 112 notícias de 21 jornais de grande circulação no Brasil, no período de 2012 a 2016, organizadas e codificadas no software Atlas.ti. Resultados As causas associadas aos erros noticiados foram relacionadas à força de trabalho ( deficit de profissionais e capacitação, rotatividade, sobrecarga, falta de informação, imprudência, negligência e distração); aos instrumentos de trabalho (semelhança de rótulos/embalagens, armazenamento, falta de identificação e informação de produtos e prescrição médica) e ao objeto de trabalho (particularidades dos pacientes e superlotação). Conclusão A análise das possíveis causas atribuídas aos erros noticiados permitiu tornar público não somente o resultado negativo do trabalho de enfermagem, mas também os outros elementos do processo de trabalho que influenciam esse resultado. Por isso a importância de compreender esses erros para que sejam evitados, e as condições de trabalho da enfermagem, revistas, para a garantia da qualidade e da segurança.

RESUMEN Objetivo Identificar las causas relacionadas con el proceso laboral que están asociadas con los errores de enfermería noticiados por los periódicos. Método Estudio documental, cualitativo, basado en la teoría del proceso laboral y análisis hermenéutico. Fueron analizadas 112 noticias de 21 periódicos de gran circulación en Brasil, en el período de 2012 a 2016, organizadas y codificadas en el software Atlas.ti. Resultados Las causas asociadas con los errores noticiados estuvieron relacionadas con la fuerza de trabajo (déficit de profesionales y capacitación, rotatividad, sobrecarga, falta de información, imprudencia, negligencia y distracción); con los instrumentos de trabajo (semejanza de etiquetas/envases, almacenamiento, falta de identificación e información de productos y prescripción médica) y con el objeto de trabajo (particularidades de los pacientes y abarrotado). Conclusión El análisis de las posibles causas atribuidas a los errores noticiados permitió hacer público no solo el resultado negativo del trabajo de enfermería, sino también los demás elementos del proceso laboral que influencian dicho resultado. En virtud de ello, es importante comprender esos errores a fin de que se los evite y que se revisen las condiciones del trabajo enfermero, para la garantía de la calidad y la seguridad.

ABSTRACT Objective To identify work process-related causes associated with nursing errors reported in newspapers. Method This was a documentary and qualitative study based on the work process theory and hermeneutic analysis that examined 112 news articles published between 2012 and 2016 in 21 high-circulation Brazilian newspapers, organized and codified using Atlas.ti software. Results The causes associated with the reported errors were associated with workforce (lack of professionals and training, turnover, work overload, lack of information, recklessness, negligence, and distraction); work instruments (similar labels or packages, storage, lack of product identification and information, and medical prescriptions); and the object of nursing work (overcrowding and specific characteristics of patient). Conclusion Analysis of the possible causes of reported errors identified the negative outcomes of nursing work, while also identifying elements of the work process that influenced these results. The findings emphasize the importance of understanding these errors so they can be avoided and of reviewing nursing work conditions to guarantee quality and safety of care.

Work process: a basis for understanding nursing errors. / Processo de trabalho: fundamentação para compreender os erros de enfermagem.

OBJECTIVE: To identify work process-related causes associated with nursing errors reported in newspapers. METHOD: This was a documentary and qualitative study based on the work process theory and hermeneutic analysis that examined 112 news articles published between 2012 and 2016 in 21 high-circulation Brazilian newspapers, organized and codified using Atlas.ti software. RESULTS: The causes associated with the reported errors were associated with workforce (lack of professionals and training, turnover, work overload, lack of information, recklessness, negligence, and distraction); work instruments (similar labels or packages, storage, lack of product identification and information, and medical prescriptions); and the object of nursing work (overcrowding and specific characteristics of patient). CONCLUSION: Analysis of the possible causes of reported errors identified the negative outcomes of nursing work, while also identifying elements of the work process that influenced these results. The findings emphasize the importance of understanding these errors so they can be avoided and of reviewing nursing work conditions to guarantee quality and safety of care.

Discursos pronunciados en los procesos éticos de enfermería: análisis de los elementos de sustentación / Speeches given on nursing ethical processes: supporting elements analysis

Objetivo principal: analizar los elementos de sustentación de discursos ético-profesionales, a partir de un caso ejemplar de proceso ético juzgado. Metodología: Estudio cualitativo con diseño exploratorio-descriptivo y documental, teniendo como fuente procesos éticos tramitados y archivados en el Consejo Regional de Enfermería/SC (Brasil), en el período de 1999 a 2007. Resultados principales: el caso ejemplar seleccionado (responsabilidad ético-profesional) es representativo de discursos profesionales presentes en procesos éticos, en sus elementos de sustentación (enunciados, reglas y prácticas), y describe las referencias usadas por los profesionales para justificar sus deliberaciones morales, o dar legitimidad a los discursos accionados en estos juicios. Conclusión principal: los elementos de sustentación de los discursos, articulados en un modelo empírico analítico, son interesantes por dar visibilidad a los diseños de procesos de deliberación moral y, también, por suministrar un diseño general de los procesos éticos en su capacidad de "hablar para" y "hablar de la" Enfermería (AU)

Main goal: analyzing the supporting elements of ethical - professional discourses, from an exemplary case of a judged ethical process. Methodology: Qualitative study with documentary, descriptive and exploratory design, having as a source the ethical procedures conducted and filed at the Regional Council of Nursing / SC (Brazil), between 1999 and 2007. Main results: the exemplary case selected (ethical - professional responsibility) is representative from professional discourses that are present in ethical processes, in their supporting elements (statements, rules and practices) and describes references used by practitioners to justify their moral decisions or give legitimacy to the speeches triggered in those judgments. Main conclusion: discourses' supporting elements, articulated in the analytical -empirical model, are interesting for giving visibility to the intricacies of moral deliberation processes, and also, for providing a general design of ethical processes in their ability to "talk to" and "talk about" nursing (AU)